APA Referencing Style for Nigerian Final Year Projects (with Examples)
APA 7th edition is the most widely accepted referencing style in Nigerian universities outside law. Here is how to use it correctly, with examples for journals, books, websites, and AI-generated content.
In-text citation rules
- One author: (Adeleke, 2022) - Two authors: (Adeleke & Bello, 2022) - Three or more authors: (Adeleke et al., 2022) - Direct quote: (Adeleke, 2022, p. 17)
Reference list examples
Journal article: Adeleke, A. B. (2022). Internal control and fraud prevention in Nigerian banks. Journal of Accounting Research, 14(2), 33-45.
Book: Okoro, C. (2021). Research methods for Nigerian students. Lagos: Ibadan University Press.
Website: Central Bank of Nigeria. (2024). Monetary policy review. https://www.cbn.gov.ng/monetary-policy
Generative AI (APA 7 rule): OpenAI. (2024). ChatGPT (May 13 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com
Common mistakes Nigerian students make
- Mixing APA with MLA in the same project. - Forgetting to italicise journal names and book titles. - Listing references in the order they appear instead of alphabetically. - Using 'Anonymous' for sources without an author — use the organisation name instead.
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