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A project submitted to the Department of Nursing Science

Midwifery Practices and Maternal Mortality Reduction in Primary Health Centres

By

Samuel Etim

U/2015/ABC/0203

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of a Bachelor's degree

Supervisor: Dr. G. O. Asante

2025

Abstract

This project investigates the relationship between midwifery practices — antenatal screening, birth preparedness counselling and emergency obstetric referral — and maternal outcomes in primary health centres. It draws on facility records and interviews with midwives to identify which practices most strongly predict safe deliveries, and where training gaps remain. The study is organised into five chapters covering the introduction, review of related literature, research methodology, data presentation and analysis, and the summary, conclusion and recommendations.

Table of Contents

Chapter One: Introduction

  1. 1.1 Background to the Study4
  2. 1.2 Statement of the Problem6
  3. 1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study8
  4. 1.4 Research Questions10
  5. 1.5 Research Hypotheses12
  6. 1.6 Scope of the Study14
  7. 1.7 Limitations of the Study16
  8. 1.8 Operational Definition of Terms18

Chapter Two: Literature Review

  1. 2.1 Conceptual Review16
  2. 2.2 Theoretical Framework18
  3. 2.3 Empirical Review of Related Studies20
  4. 2.4 Gap in Literature22
  5. 2.5 Summary of Literature Review24

Chapter Three: Research Methodology

  1. 3.1 Research Design28
  2. 3.2 Area of the Study30
  3. 3.3 Population of the Study32
  4. 3.4 Sample and Sampling Technique34
  5. 3.5 Instrument for Data Collection36
  6. 3.6 Validity and Reliability of the Instrument38
  7. 3.7 Method of Data Collection40
  8. 3.8 Method of Data Analysis42

Chapter Four: Data Presentation and Analysis

  1. 4.1 Data Presentation40
  2. 4.2 Test of Hypotheses42
  3. 4.3 Discussion of Findings44

Chapter Five: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

  1. 5.1 Summary of Findings52
  2. 5.2 Conclusion54
  3. 5.3 Recommendations56
  4. 5.4 Suggestions for Further Studies58

References

Appendices

Final YearPreview only

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background to the Study

This project investigates the relationship between midwifery practices — antenatal screening, birth preparedness counselling and emergency obstetric referral — and maternal outcomes in primary health centres. It draws on facility records and interviews with midwives to identify which practices most strongly predict safe deliveries, and where training gaps remain.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Examines how skilled midwifery practices in primary health centres contribute to reducing maternal mortality. Existing approaches remain limited in reach, accuracy and ease of use, which creates the gap this study addresses.

1.3 Aim and Objectives

The aim of this study is to midwifery practices and maternal mortality reduction in primary health centres. The specific objectives are to:

  1. review existing literature and systems related to the study;
  2. collect and analyse data using Cross-sectional survey;
  3. evaluate the results against the stated problem;
  4. make recommendations for practice and further research.

1.4 Scope of the Study

Introduction: background to midwifery and maternal mortality, statement of the problem (maternal deaths remain high where deliveries are attended by unskilled personnel), aim and objectives, research questions, scope, significance of the study, and definition of terms.

Chapter Two: Literature Review

Literature Review: theoretical framework, review of related works on midwifery and maternal mortality, gaps in existing studies, and a summary positioning this project. Literature Review: theoretical framework, review of related works on midwifery and maternal mortality, gaps in existing studies, and a summary positioning this project.

Chapters 2–5 are not part of this preview.